Sustiva: What It Is, How It Works, and What You Need to Know

When you're managing HIV, Sustiva, a brand name for the antiretroviral drug efavirenz, used to suppress HIV replication in combination with other medications. Also known as efavirenz, it's been a cornerstone of HIV treatment for over two decades. Sustiva belongs to a class called non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). These drugs work by blocking a key enzyme HIV needs to copy itself, slowing the virus down before it can take over your immune system.

Most people take Sustiva once daily, often at bedtime, because dizziness and vivid dreams are common at first. These side effects usually fade after a few weeks, but if they stick around, talk to your doctor. It’s not a cure, but when paired with other HIV meds like tenofovir or emtricitabine, it helps keep viral loads low and CD4 counts high. Many patients stay on it for years because it’s effective, affordable, and easy to take. Still, it’s not for everyone—some people can’t tolerate the neurological side effects, and others need alternatives because of drug resistance or interactions.

Sustiva interacts with a lot of other drugs. Things like statins, antifungals, birth control, and even some herbal supplements can become dangerous when mixed with it. That’s why your doctor needs a full list of everything you’re taking. It’s also not recommended during early pregnancy because of potential risks to the baby. If you’re planning to get pregnant or think you might be, ask about switching to a safer option like dolutegravir.

While newer HIV drugs have fewer side effects and simpler dosing, Sustiva is still widely used—especially in lower-income countries and as part of fixed-dose combinations. Its role has changed, but it hasn’t disappeared. If you’re on it, you’re not alone. Millions have taken it successfully. The key is knowing what to expect, how to manage side effects, and when to ask for help.

Below, you’ll find real comparisons and patient-focused guides on HIV medications, drug interactions, and treatment strategies. These aren’t generic overviews—they’re practical, no-fluff insights from people who’ve lived with these choices. Whether you’re starting treatment, switching meds, or just trying to understand what’s in your pillbox, the posts here give you the clear, honest details you need.